Meckel Diverticulum is the most common congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal system1, it occurs when the omphalomesenteric duct is obliterated proximally, forming a true diverticulum in the anti-mesenteric border at the level of the ileum, which should be closed usually between the 5th and 6th week of gestation. Its alterations can give rise to ductal polyps, fibrous bands, ductal cysts, ileo-umbilical fistulas or more frequently to Meckel's diverticulum; These variations can be associated with other malformations in the nervous or cardiovascular system2. Omphalomesenteric remnants are more frequent in men than in women, with a 2: 1 ratio, with a general incidence of 2% 3. Most cases remain asymptomatic, but some patients, especially at pediatric ages, may present symptoms such as gastrointestinal bleeding, intestinal torsion, obstruction or infection4. Given its scarce and unspecific symptomatology, it could lead the clinician to confuse it with other differential diagnoses such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcers or other pathologies. This is one of the reasons why it seems relevant to review the diagnostic techniques currently available to determine the best diagnostic options depending on the environment in which the clinician operates.
Key words: Meckel Diverticulum, congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal system, omphalomesenteric duct, gastrointestinal bleeding. |
